Torben is a research fellow at the Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry at Washington University in Saint Louis (MO, USA). He received his Ph.D. in neuroscience at the Max Planck Research School (Tübingen, Germany) for his work on dopamine neuromodulation of cortical memory processes. He then moved to Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (NY, USA) to study how the brain constructs our sense of confidence in how we perceive the world around us. His research contributed to a novel cross-species computational psychiatry framework to study brain mechanisms for hallucination-like perception. Torben recently received the Emmy Noether fellowship from the German Research Foundation (DFG) to start his lab at the Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience in Berlin, Germany.